Periodic Table Element Comparison: Compare Elements - Phosphorus vs Carbon

Compare Phosphorus and Carbon on the basis of their properties, attributes and periodic table facts. Compare elements on more than 90 properties. All the elements of similar categories show a lot of similarities and differences in their chemical, atomic, physical properties and uses. These similarities and dissimilarities should be known while we study periodic table elements. You can study the detailed comparison between Phosphorus vs Carbon with most reliable information about their properties, attributes, facts, uses etc. You can compare P vs C on more than 90 properties like electronegativity , oxidation state, atomic shells, orbital structure, Electronaffinity, physical states, electrical conductivity and many more. Phosphorus and Carbon comparison table on more than 90 properties.

Name	Phosphorus	Carbon
Atomic Number	15	6
Atomic Symbol	P	C
Atomic Weight	30.973761	12.0107
Phase at STP	Solid	Solid
Color	Colorless	Black
Metallic Classification	Other Nonmetal	Other Nonmetal
Group in Periodic Table	group 15	group 14
Group Name	nitrogen family	carbon family
Period in Periodic Table	period 3	period 2
Block in Periodic Table	p -block	p -block
Electronic Configuration	[Ne] 3s2 3p3	[He] 2s2 2p2
Electronic Shell Structure (Electrons per shell)	2, 8, 5	2, 4
Melting Point	317.3 K	3823 K
Boiling Point	553.6 K	4300 K
CAS Number	CAS7723-14-0	CAS7440-44-0
Neighborhood Elements	Neighborhood Elements of Phosphorus	Neighborhood Elements of Carbon

Parameter	Phosphorus	Carbon
History	The element Phosphorus was discovered by H. Brand in year 1669 in Germany. Phosphorus derived its name from the Greek word phoosphoros, 'carrying light'.	The element Carbon was discovered by Egyptians and Sumerians in year 3750 BCE. Carbon derived its name the Latin word carbo, meaning 'coal'.
Discovery	H. Brand (1669)	Egyptians and Sumerians (3750 BCE)
Isolated	H. Brand (1669)	()

Property	Phosphorus	Carbon
Abundance in Universe	7000 / 300	5000000 / 500000
Abundance in Sun	7000 / 300	3000000 / 300000
Abundance in Meteorites	1100000 / 700000	15000000 / 18000000
Abundance in Earth's Crust	1000000 / 700000	1800000 / 3100000
Abundance in Oceans	70 / 14	28000 / 14400
Abundance in Humans	11000000 / 2200000	230000000 / 120000000

Property	Phosphorus	Carbon
Atomic Volume	16.991 cm3/mol	5.29 cm3/mol
Atomic Radius	98 pm	67 pm
Covalent Radius	106 pm	77 pm
Van der Waals Radius	180 pm	170 pm
Atomic Spectrum - Spectral Lines
Emission Spectrum	Not available
Absorption Spectrum
Lattice Constant	1145, 550.3, 1126.1 pm	246.4, 246.4, 671.1 pm
Lattice Angle	1.25384, 1.57725, 1.24896	π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Space Group Name	P-1	P63/mmc
Space Group Number	2	194
Crystal Structure	Simple Triclinic	Simple Hexagonal

Property	Phosphorus	Carbon
Atomic Number	15	6
Number of Electrons (with no charge)	15	6
Number of Protons	15	6
Mass Number	30.973761	12.0107
Number of Neutrons	16	6
Shell structure (Electrons per energy level)	2, 8, 5	2, 4
Electron Configuration	[Ne] 3s2 3p3	[He] 2s2 2p2
Valence Electrons	3s2 3p3	2s2 2p2
Oxidation State	-3, 3, 5	-4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers)	4S3/2	3P0
Shell structure

Parameter	Phosphorus	Carbon
Known Isotopes	24P, 25P, 26P, 27P, 28P, 29P, 30P, 31P, 32P, 33P, 34P, 35P, 36P, 37P, 38P, 39P, 40P, 41P, 42P, 43P, 44P, 45P, 46P	8C, 9C, 10C, 11C, 12C, 13C, 14C, 15C, 16C, 17C, 18C, 19C, 20C, 21C, 22C
Stable Isotopes	Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 31P	Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 12C, 13C
Neutron Cross Section	0.18	0.0035
Neutron Mass Absorption	0.0002	0.000015

Property	Phosphorus	Carbon
Valence or Valency	5	4
Electronegativity	2.19 Pauling Scale	2.55 Pauling Scale
Electron Affinity	72 kJ/mol	153.9 kJ/mol
Ionization Energies	1st: 1011.8 kJ/mol 2nd: 1907 kJ/mol 3rd: 2914.1 kJ/mol 4th: 4963.6 kJ/mol 5th: 6273.9 kJ/mol 6th: 21267 kJ/mol 7th: 25431 kJ/mol 8th: 29872 kJ/mol 9th: 35905 kJ/mol 10th: 40950 kJ/mol 11th: 46261 kJ/mol 12th: 54110 kJ/mol 13th: 59024 kJ/mol 14th: 271791 kJ/mol 15th: 296195 kJ/mol	1st: 1086.5 kJ/mol 2nd: 2352.6 kJ/mol 3rd: 4620.5 kJ/mol 4th: 6222.7 kJ/mol 5th: 37831 kJ/mol 6th: 47277 kJ/mol

Property	Phosphorus	Carbon
Density	1.823 g/cm3	2.26 g/cm3
Molar Volume	16.991 cm3/mol	5.29 cm3/mol
Elastic Properties
Young Modulus	-	-
Shear Modulus	-	-
Bulk Modulus	11 GPa	33 GPa
Poisson Ratio	-	-
Hardness - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element
Mohs Hardness	-	0.5 MPa
Vickers Hardness	-	-
Brinell Hardness	-	-
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity	10000000 S/m	100000 S/m
Resistivity	1e-7 m Ω	0.00001 m Ω
Superconducting Point	-	-
Heat and Conduction Properties
Thermal Conductivity	0.236 W/(m K)	140 W/(m K)
Thermal Expansion	-	0.0000071 /K
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Type	Diamagnetic	Diamagnetic
Curie Point	-	-
Mass Magnetic Susceptibility	-1.13e-8 m3/kg	-6.2e-9 m3/kg
Molar Magnetic Susceptibility	-3.5e-10 m3/mol	-7.45e-11 m3/mol
Volume Magnetic Susceptibility	-0.0000206	-0.000014
Optical Properties
Refractive Index	1.001212	2.417
Acoustic Properties
Speed of Sound	-	18350 m/s

Parameter	Phosphorus	Carbon
CAS Number	CAS7723-14-0	CAS7440-44-0
RTECS Number	{N/A, RTECSTH3495000, RTECSTH3500000, N/A}	{RTECSHL4158550, RTECSFF5250100, RTECSMD9659600, N/A}
DOT Hazard Class	4.1	4.2
DOT Numbers	{1338, 1381, 2447}	1361
EU Number	-	-
NFPA Fire Rating	4	1
NFPA Health Rating	4	0
NFPA Reactivity Rating	2	0
NFPA Hazards	-	-
AutoIgnition Point	-	-
Flashpoint	-	-

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Periodic Table Element Comparison: Compare Elements - Phosphorus vs Carbon

Phosphorus and Carbon Comparison

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Facts

History

Presence: Abundance in Nature and Around Us

Crystal Structure and Atomic Structure

Atomic Spectrum - Spectral Lines

Atomic and Orbital Properties

Isotopes and Nuclear Properties

Chemical Properties: Ionization Energies and electron affinity

Physical Properties

Elastic Properties

Hardness - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element

Electrical Properties

Heat and Conduction Properties

Magnetic Properties

Optical Properties

Acoustic Properties

Thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics

Enthalpies

Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines

Compare With Other Elements

Compare Phosphorus with all Group 15 elements

Compare Phosphorus with all Period 3 elements

Compare Phosphorus with all Other Nonmetal elements

Compare Carbon with all Group 14 elements

Compare Carbon with all Period 2 elements

Compare Carbon with all Other Nonmetal elements