Periodic Table Element Comparison: Compare Elements - Silicon vs Carbon

Compare Silicon and Carbon on the basis of their properties, attributes and periodic table facts. Compare elements on more than 90 properties. All the elements of similar categories show a lot of similarities and differences in their chemical, atomic, physical properties and uses. These similarities and dissimilarities should be known while we study periodic table elements. You can study the detailed comparison between Silicon vs Carbon with most reliable information about their properties, attributes, facts, uses etc. You can compare Si vs C on more than 90 properties like electronegativity , oxidation state, atomic shells, orbital structure, Electronaffinity, physical states, electrical conductivity and many more. Silicon and Carbon comparison table on more than 90 properties.

Name	Silicon	Carbon
Atomic Number	14	6
Atomic Symbol	Si	C
Atomic Weight	28.0855	12.0107
Phase at STP	Solid	Solid
Color	Gray	Black
Metallic Classification	Metalloid	Other Nonmetal
Group in Periodic Table	group 14	group 14
Group Name	carbon family	carbon family
Period in Periodic Table	period 3	period 2
Block in Periodic Table	p -block	p -block
Electronic Configuration	[Ne] 3s2 3p2	[He] 2s2 2p2
Electronic Shell Structure (Electrons per shell)	2, 8, 4	2, 4
Melting Point	1687 K	3823 K
Boiling Point	3173 K	4300 K
CAS Number	CAS7440-21-3	CAS7440-44-0
Neighborhood Elements	Neighborhood Elements of Silicon	Neighborhood Elements of Carbon

Parameter	Silicon	Carbon
History	The element Silicon was discovered by J. Berzelius in year 1823 in Sweden. Silicon derived its name from the Latin silex, 'flint' (originally silicium).	The element Carbon was discovered by Egyptians and Sumerians in year 3750 BCE. Carbon derived its name the Latin word carbo, meaning 'coal'.
Discovery	J. Berzelius (1823)	Egyptians and Sumerians (3750 BCE)
Isolated	J. Berzelius (1823)	()

Property	Silicon	Carbon
Abundance in Universe	700000 / 30000	5000000 / 500000
Abundance in Sun	900000 / 40000	3000000 / 300000
Abundance in Meteorites	140000000 / 100000000	15000000 / 18000000
Abundance in Earth's Crust	270000000 / 200000000	1800000 / 3100000
Abundance in Oceans	1000 / 220	28000 / 14400
Abundance in Humans	260000 / 58000	230000000 / 120000000

Property	Silicon	Carbon
Atomic Volume	12.054 cm3/mol	5.29 cm3/mol
Atomic Radius	111 pm	67 pm
Covalent Radius	111 pm	77 pm
Van der Waals Radius	210 pm	170 pm
Atomic Spectrum - Spectral Lines
Emission Spectrum
Absorption Spectrum
Lattice Constant	543.09, 543.09, 543.09 pm	246.4, 246.4, 671.1 pm
Lattice Angle	π/2, π/2, π/2	π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Space Group Name	Fd_ 3m	P63/mmc
Space Group Number	227	194
Crystal Structure	Tetrahedral Packing	Simple Hexagonal

Property	Silicon	Carbon
Atomic Number	14	6
Number of Electrons (with no charge)	14	6
Number of Protons	14	6
Mass Number	28.0855	12.0107
Number of Neutrons	14	6
Shell structure (Electrons per energy level)	2, 8, 4	2, 4
Electron Configuration	[Ne] 3s2 3p2	[He] 2s2 2p2
Valence Electrons	3s2 3p2	2s2 2p2
Oxidation State	-4, 4	-4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers)	3P0	3P0
Shell structure

Parameter	Silicon	Carbon
Known Isotopes	22Si, 23Si, 24Si, 25Si, 26Si, 27Si, 28Si, 29Si, 30Si, 31Si, 32Si, 33Si, 34Si, 35Si, 36Si, 37Si, 38Si, 39Si, 40Si, 41Si, 42Si, 43Si, 44Si	8C, 9C, 10C, 11C, 12C, 13C, 14C, 15C, 16C, 17C, 18C, 19C, 20C, 21C, 22C
Stable Isotopes	Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 28Si, 29Si, 30Si	Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 12C, 13C
Neutron Cross Section	171	0.0035
Neutron Mass Absorption	0.0002	0.000015

Property	Silicon	Carbon
Valence or Valency	4	4
Electronegativity	1.9 Pauling Scale	2.55 Pauling Scale
Electron Affinity	133.6 kJ/mol	153.9 kJ/mol
Ionization Energies	1st: 786.5 kJ/mol 2nd: 1577.1 kJ/mol 3rd: 3231.6 kJ/mol 4th: 4355.5 kJ/mol 5th: 16091 kJ/mol 6th: 19805 kJ/mol 7th: 23780 kJ/mol 8th: 29287 kJ/mol 9th: 33878 kJ/mol 10th: 38726 kJ/mol 11th: 45962 kJ/mol 12th: 50502 kJ/mol 13th: 235196 kJ/mol 14th: 257923 kJ/mol	1st: 1086.5 kJ/mol 2nd: 2352.6 kJ/mol 3rd: 4620.5 kJ/mol 4th: 6222.7 kJ/mol 5th: 37831 kJ/mol 6th: 47277 kJ/mol

Property	Silicon	Carbon
Density	2.33 g/cm3	2.26 g/cm3
Molar Volume	12.054 cm3/mol	5.29 cm3/mol
Elastic Properties
Young Modulus	47	-
Shear Modulus	-	-
Bulk Modulus	100 GPa	33 GPa
Poisson Ratio	-	-
Hardness - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element
Mohs Hardness	6.5 MPa	0.5 MPa
Vickers Hardness	-	-
Brinell Hardness	-	-
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity	1000 S/m	100000 S/m
Resistivity	0.001 m Ω	0.00001 m Ω
Superconducting Point	-	-
Heat and Conduction Properties
Thermal Conductivity	150 W/(m K)	140 W/(m K)
Thermal Expansion	0.0000026 /K	0.0000071 /K
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Type	Diamagnetic	Diamagnetic
Curie Point	-	-
Mass Magnetic Susceptibility	-1.6e-9 m3/kg	-6.2e-9 m3/kg
Molar Magnetic Susceptibility	-4.49e-11 m3/mol	-7.45e-11 m3/mol
Volume Magnetic Susceptibility	-0.00000373	-0.000014
Optical Properties
Refractive Index	-	2.417
Acoustic Properties
Speed of Sound	2200 m/s	18350 m/s

Parameter	Silicon	Carbon
CAS Number	CAS7440-21-3	CAS7440-44-0
RTECS Number	RTECSVW0400000	{RTECSHL4158550, RTECSFF5250100, RTECSMD9659600, N/A}
DOT Hazard Class	4.1	4.2
DOT Numbers	1346	1361
EU Number	-	-
NFPA Fire Rating	0	1
NFPA Health Rating	1	0
NFPA Reactivity Rating	0	0
NFPA Hazards	-	-
AutoIgnition Point	150 °C	-
Flashpoint	-	-

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Periodic Table Element Comparison: Compare Elements - Silicon vs Carbon

Silicon and Carbon Comparison

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Facts

History

Presence: Abundance in Nature and Around Us

Crystal Structure and Atomic Structure

Atomic Spectrum - Spectral Lines

Atomic and Orbital Properties

Isotopes and Nuclear Properties

Chemical Properties: Ionization Energies and electron affinity

Physical Properties

Elastic Properties

Hardness - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element

Electrical Properties

Heat and Conduction Properties

Magnetic Properties

Optical Properties

Acoustic Properties

Thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics

Enthalpies

Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines

Compare With Other Elements

Compare Silicon with all Group 14 elements

Compare Silicon with all Period 3 elements

Compare Silicon with all Metalloid elements

Compare Carbon with all Group 14 elements

Compare Carbon with all Period 2 elements

Compare Carbon with all Other Nonmetal elements