Periodic Table Element Comparison: Compare Elements - Tellurium vs Silicon
Compare Tellurium and Silicon on the basis of their properties, attributes and periodic table facts. Compare elements on more than 90 properties. All the elements of similar categories show a lot of similarities and differences in their chemical, atomic, physical properties and uses. These similarities and dissimilarities should be known while we study periodic table elements. You can study the detailed comparison between Tellurium vs Silicon with most reliable information about their properties, attributes, facts, uses etc. You can compare Te vs Si on more than 90 properties like electronegativity , oxidation state, atomic shells, orbital structure, Electronaffinity, physical states, electrical conductivity and many more. Tellurium and Silicon comparison table on more than 90 properties.
Tellurium and Silicon Comparison
Facts
| Name | Tellurium | Silicon |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Number | 52 | 14 |
| Atomic Symbol | Te | Si |
| Atomic Weight | 127.6 | 28.0855 |
| Phase at STP | Solid | Solid |
| Color | Silver | Gray |
| Metallic Classification | Metalloid | Metalloid |
| Group in Periodic Table | group 16 | group 14 |
| Group Name | oxygen family | carbon family |
| Period in Periodic Table | period 5 | period 3 |
| Block in Periodic Table | p -block | p -block |
| Electronic Configuration | [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p4 | [Ne] 3s2 3p2 |
| Electronic Shell Structure (Electrons per shell) | 2, 8, 18, 18, 6 | 2, 8, 4 |
| Melting Point | 722.66 K | 1687 K |
| Boiling Point | 1261 K | 3173 K |
| CAS Number | CAS13494-80-9 | CAS7440-21-3 |
| Neighborhood Elements | Neighborhood Elements of Tellurium | Neighborhood Elements of Silicon |
History
| Parameter | Tellurium | Silicon |
|---|---|---|
| History | The element Tellurium was discovered by F.-J.M. von Reichenstein in year 1782 in Romania. Tellurium derived its name from Latin tellus, meaning 'earth'. | The element Silicon was discovered by J. Berzelius in year 1823 in Sweden. Silicon derived its name from the Latin silex, 'flint' (originally silicium). |
| Discovery | F.-J.M. von Reichenstein (1782) | J. Berzelius (1823) |
| Isolated | H. Klaproth () | J. Berzelius (1823) |
Presence: Abundance in Nature and Around Us
Parts per billion (ppb) by weight / by atoms (1ppb =10^-7 %)
| Property | Tellurium | Silicon |
|---|---|---|
| Abundance in Universe | 9 / 0.09 | 700000 / 30000 |
| Abundance in Sun | - / - | 900000 / 40000 |
| Abundance in Meteorites | 2100 / 300 | 140000000 / 100000000 |
| Abundance in Earth's Crust | 1.0 / 0.2 | 270000000 / 200000000 |
| Abundance in Oceans | - / - | 1000 / 220 |
| Abundance in Humans | - / - | 260000 / 58000 |
Crystal Structure and Atomic Structure
| Property | Tellurium | Silicon |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Volume | 20.449 cm3/mol | 12.054 cm3/mol |
| Atomic Radius | 123 pm | 111 pm |
| Covalent Radius | 135 pm | 111 pm |
| Van der Waals Radius | 206 pm | 210 pm |
Atomic Spectrum - Spectral Lines | ||
| Emission Spectrum |  |  |
| Absorption Spectrum |  |  |
| Lattice Constant | 445.72, 445.72, 592.9 pm | 543.09, 543.09, 543.09 pm |
| Lattice Angle | π/2, π/2, 2 π/3 | π/2, π/2, π/2 |
| Space Group Name | P3121 | Fd_ 3m |
| Space Group Number | 152 | 227 |
| Crystal Structure | Simple Trigonal  | Tetrahedral Packing  |
Atomic and Orbital Properties
| Property | Tellurium | Silicon |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Number | 52 | 14 |
| Number of Electrons (with no charge) | 52 | 14 |
| Number of Protons | 52 | 14 |
| Mass Number | 127.6 | 28.0855 |
| Number of Neutrons | 76 | 14 |
| Shell structure (Electrons per energy level) | 2, 8, 18, 18, 6 | 2, 8, 4 |
| Electron Configuration | [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p4 | [Ne] 3s2 3p2 |
| Valence Electrons | 5s2 5p4 | 3s2 3p2 |
| Oxidation State | -2, 2, 4, 6 | -4, 4 |
| Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers) | 3P2 | 3P0 |
| Shell structure |  |  |
Isotopes and Nuclear Properties
Tellurium has 5 stable naturally occuring isotopes while Silicon has 3 stable naturally occuring isotopes.
| Parameter | Tellurium | Silicon |
|---|---|---|
| Known Isotopes | 105Te, 106Te, 107Te, 108Te, 109Te, 110Te, 111Te, 112Te, 113Te, 114Te, 115Te, 116Te, 117Te, 118Te, 119Te, 120Te, 121Te, 122Te, 123Te, 124Te, 125Te, 126Te, 127Te, 128Te, 129Te, 130Te, 131Te, 132Te, 133Te, 134Te, 135Te, 136Te, 137Te, 138Te, 139Te, 140Te, 141Te, 142Te | 22Si, 23Si, 24Si, 25Si, 26Si, 27Si, 28Si, 29Si, 30Si, 31Si, 32Si, 33Si, 34Si, 35Si, 36Si, 37Si, 38Si, 39Si, 40Si, 41Si, 42Si, 43Si, 44Si |
| Stable Isotopes | Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 120Te, 122Te, 124Te, 125Te, 126Te | Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 28Si, 29Si, 30Si |
| Neutron Cross Section | 5.4 | 171 |
| Neutron Mass Absorption | 0.0013 | 0.0002 |
Chemical Properties: Ionization Energies and electron affinity
| Property | Tellurium | Silicon |
|---|---|---|
| Valence or Valency | 6 | 4 |
| Electronegativity | 2.1 Pauling Scale | 1.9 Pauling Scale |
| Electron Affinity | 190.2 kJ/mol | 133.6 kJ/mol |
| Ionization Energies | 1st: 869.3 kJ/mol 2nd: 1790 kJ/mol 3rd: 2698 kJ/mol 4th: 3610 kJ/mol 5th: 5668 kJ/mol 6th: 6820 kJ/mol 7th: 13200 kJ/mol | 1st: 786.5 kJ/mol 2nd: 1577.1 kJ/mol 3rd: 3231.6 kJ/mol 4th: 4355.5 kJ/mol 5th: 16091 kJ/mol 6th: 19805 kJ/mol 7th: 23780 kJ/mol 8th: 29287 kJ/mol 9th: 33878 kJ/mol 10th: 38726 kJ/mol 11th: 45962 kJ/mol 12th: 50502 kJ/mol 13th: 235196 kJ/mol 14th: 257923 kJ/mol |
Physical Properties
| Property | Tellurium | Silicon |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 6.24 g/cm3 | 2.33 g/cm3 |
| Molar Volume | 20.449 cm3/mol | 12.054 cm3/mol |
Elastic Properties | ||
| Young Modulus | 43 | 47 |
| Shear Modulus | 16 GPa | - |
| Bulk Modulus | 65 GPa | 100 GPa |
| Poisson Ratio | - | - |
Hardness - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element | ||
| Mohs Hardness | 2.25 MPa | 6.5 MPa |
| Vickers Hardness | - | - |
| Brinell Hardness | 180 MPa | - |
Electrical Properties | ||
| Electrical Conductivity | 10000 S/m | 1000 S/m |
| Resistivity | 0.0001 m Ω | 0.001 m Ω |
| Superconducting Point | - | - |
Heat and Conduction Properties | ||
| Thermal Conductivity | 3 W/(m K) | 150 W/(m K) |
| Thermal Expansion | - | 0.0000026 /K |
Magnetic Properties | ||
| Magnetic Type | Diamagnetic | Diamagnetic |
| Curie Point | - | - |
| Mass Magnetic Susceptibility | -3.9e-9 m3/kg | -1.6e-9 m3/kg |
| Molar Magnetic Susceptibility | -4.98e-10 m3/mol | -4.49e-11 m3/mol |
| Volume Magnetic Susceptibility | -0.0000243 | -0.00000373 |
Optical Properties | ||
| Refractive Index | 1.000991 | - |
Acoustic Properties | ||
| Speed of Sound | 2610 m/s | 2200 m/s |
Thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics
| Property | Tellurium | Silicon |
|---|---|---|
| Melting Point | 722.66 K | 1687 K |
| Boiling Point | 1261 K | 3173 K |
| Critical Temperature | - | - |
| Superconducting Point | - | - |
Enthalpies | ||
| Heat of Fusion | 17.5 kJ/mol | 50.2 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Vaporization | 48 kJ/mol | 359 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Combustion | - | -9055 J/(kg K) |
Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines
| Parameter | Tellurium | Silicon |
|---|---|---|
| CAS Number | CAS13494-80-9 | CAS7440-21-3 |
| RTECS Number | RTECSWY2625000 | RTECSVW0400000 |
| DOT Hazard Class | 6.1 | 4.1 |
| DOT Numbers | 2811 | 1346 |
| EU Number | - | - |
| NFPA Fire Rating | 0 | 0 |
| NFPA Health Rating | 2 | 1 |
| NFPA Reactivity Rating | 0 | 0 |
| NFPA Hazards | - | - |
| AutoIgnition Point | 340 °C | 150 °C |
| Flashpoint | - | - |
Compare With Other Elements
Compare Tellurium and Silicon with other elements of the periodic table.