Periodic Table Element Comparison: Compare Elements - Lithium vs Carbon

Compare Lithium and Carbon on the basis of their properties, attributes and periodic table facts. Compare elements on more than 90 properties. All the elements of similar categories show a lot of similarities and differences in their chemical, atomic, physical properties and uses. These similarities and dissimilarities should be known while we study periodic table elements. You can study the detailed comparison between Lithium vs Carbon with most reliable information about their properties, attributes, facts, uses etc. You can compare Li vs C on more than 90 properties like electronegativity , oxidation state, atomic shells, orbital structure, Electronaffinity, physical states, electrical conductivity and many more. Lithium and Carbon comparison table on more than 90 properties.

Name	Lithium	Carbon
Atomic Number	3	6
Atomic Symbol	Li	C
Atomic Weight	6.941	12.0107
Phase at STP	Solid	Solid
Color	Silver	Black
Metallic Classification	Alkali Metal	Other Nonmetal
Group in Periodic Table	group 1	group 14
Group Name	lithium family	carbon family
Period in Periodic Table	period 2	period 2
Block in Periodic Table	s -block	p -block
Electronic Configuration	[He] 2s1	[He] 2s2 2p2
Electronic Shell Structure (Electrons per shell)	2, 1	2, 4
Melting Point	453.69 K	3823 K
Boiling Point	1615 K	4300 K
CAS Number	CAS7439-93-2	CAS7440-44-0
Neighborhood Elements	Neighborhood Elements of Lithium	Neighborhood Elements of Carbon

Parameter	Lithium	Carbon
History	The element Lithium was discovered by A. Arfwedson in year 1817 in Sweden. Lithium derived its name the Greek word lithos, meaning 'stone'.	The element Carbon was discovered by Egyptians and Sumerians in year 3750 BCE. Carbon derived its name the Latin word carbo, meaning 'coal'.
Discovery	A. Arfwedson (1817)	Egyptians and Sumerians (3750 BCE)
Isolated	W. T. Brande (1821)	()

Property	Lithium	Carbon
Abundance in Universe	6 / 1	5000000 / 500000
Abundance in Sun	0.06 / 0.01	3000000 / 300000
Abundance in Meteorites	1700 / 4600	15000000 / 18000000
Abundance in Earth's Crust	17000 / 50000	1800000 / 3100000
Abundance in Oceans	180 / 160	28000 / 14400
Abundance in Humans	30 / 27	230000000 / 120000000

Property	Lithium	Carbon
Atomic Volume	13.02 cm3/mol	5.29 cm3/mol
Atomic Radius	167 pm	67 pm
Covalent Radius	134 pm	77 pm
Van der Waals Radius	182 pm	170 pm
Atomic Spectrum - Spectral Lines
Emission Spectrum
Absorption Spectrum
Lattice Constant	351, 351, 351 pm	246.4, 246.4, 671.1 pm
Lattice Angle	π/2, π/2, π/2	π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Space Group Name	Im_ 3m	P63/mmc
Space Group Number	229	194
Crystal Structure	Body Centered Cubic	Simple Hexagonal

Property	Lithium	Carbon
Atomic Number	3	6
Number of Electrons (with no charge)	3	6
Number of Protons	3	6
Mass Number	6.941	12.0107
Number of Neutrons	4	6
Shell structure (Electrons per energy level)	2, 1	2, 4
Electron Configuration	[He] 2s1	[He] 2s2 2p2
Valence Electrons	2s1	2s2 2p2
Oxidation State	1	-4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers)	2S1/2	3P0
Shell structure

Parameter	Lithium	Carbon
Known Isotopes	3Li, 4Li, 5Li, 6Li, 7Li, 8Li, 9Li, 10Li, 11Li, 12Li	8C, 9C, 10C, 11C, 12C, 13C, 14C, 15C, 16C, 17C, 18C, 19C, 20C, 21C, 22C
Stable Isotopes	Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 6Li, 7Li	Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 12C, 13C
Neutron Cross Section	0.045	0.0035
Neutron Mass Absorption	-	0.000015

Property	Lithium	Carbon
Valence or Valency	1	4
Electronegativity	0.98 Pauling Scale	2.55 Pauling Scale
Electron Affinity	59.6 kJ/mol	153.9 kJ/mol
Ionization Energies	1st: 520.2 kJ/mol 2nd: 7298.1 kJ/mol 3rd: 11815 kJ/mol	1st: 1086.5 kJ/mol 2nd: 2352.6 kJ/mol 3rd: 4620.5 kJ/mol 4th: 6222.7 kJ/mol 5th: 37831 kJ/mol 6th: 47277 kJ/mol

Property	Lithium	Carbon
Density	0.535 g/cm3	2.26 g/cm3
Molar Volume	13.02 cm3/mol	5.29 cm3/mol
Elastic Properties
Young Modulus	4.9	-
Shear Modulus	4.2 GPa	-
Bulk Modulus	11 GPa	33 GPa
Poisson Ratio	-	-
Hardness - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element
Mohs Hardness	0.6 MPa	0.5 MPa
Vickers Hardness	-	-
Brinell Hardness	-	-
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity	11000000 S/m	100000 S/m
Resistivity	9.4e-8 m Ω	0.00001 m Ω
Superconducting Point	-	-
Heat and Conduction Properties
Thermal Conductivity	85 W/(m K)	140 W/(m K)
Thermal Expansion	0.000046 /K	0.0000071 /K
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Type	Paramagnetic	Diamagnetic
Curie Point	-	-
Mass Magnetic Susceptibility	2.56e-8 m3/kg	-6.2e-9 m3/kg
Molar Magnetic Susceptibility	1.78e-10 m3/mol	-7.45e-11 m3/mol
Volume Magnetic Susceptibility	0.00000137	-0.000014
Optical Properties
Refractive Index	-	2.417
Acoustic Properties
Speed of Sound	6000 m/s	18350 m/s

Parameter	Lithium	Carbon
CAS Number	CAS7439-93-2	CAS7440-44-0
RTECS Number	RTECSOJ5540000	{RTECSHL4158550, RTECSFF5250100, RTECSMD9659600, N/A}
DOT Hazard Class	4.3	4.2
DOT Numbers	1415	1361
EU Number	-	-
NFPA Fire Rating	2	1
NFPA Health Rating	3	0
NFPA Reactivity Rating	2	0
NFPA Hazards	Water Reactive	-
AutoIgnition Point	179 °C	-
Flashpoint	-	-

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Periodic Table Element Comparison: Compare Elements - Lithium vs Carbon

Lithium and Carbon Comparison

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Facts

History

Presence: Abundance in Nature and Around Us

Crystal Structure and Atomic Structure

Atomic Spectrum - Spectral Lines

Atomic and Orbital Properties

Isotopes and Nuclear Properties

Chemical Properties: Ionization Energies and electron affinity

Physical Properties

Elastic Properties

Hardness - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element

Electrical Properties

Heat and Conduction Properties

Magnetic Properties

Optical Properties

Acoustic Properties

Thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics

Enthalpies

Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines

Compare With Other Elements

Compare Lithium with all Group 1 elements

Compare Lithium with all Period 2 elements

Compare Lithium with all Alkali Metal elements

Compare Carbon with all Group 14 elements

Compare Carbon with all Period 2 elements

Compare Carbon with all Other Nonmetal elements