Periodic Table Element Comparison: Compare Elements - Aluminium vs Boron
Compare Aluminium and Boron on the basis of their properties, attributes and periodic table facts. Compare elements on more than 90 properties. All the elements of similar categories show a lot of similarities and differences in their chemical, atomic, physical properties and uses. These similarities and dissimilarities should be known while we study periodic table elements. You can study the detailed comparison between Aluminium vs Boron with most reliable information about their properties, attributes, facts, uses etc. You can compare Al vs B on more than 90 properties like electronegativity , oxidation state, atomic shells, orbital structure, Electronaffinity, physical states, electrical conductivity and many more. Aluminium and Boron comparison table on more than 90 properties.
Aluminium and Boron Comparison
Facts
| Name | Aluminium | Boron |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Number | 13 | 5 |
| Atomic Symbol | Al | B |
| Atomic Weight | 26.981538 | 10.811 |
| Phase at STP | Solid | Solid |
| Color | Silver | Black |
| Metallic Classification | Post Transition Metal | Metalloid |
| Group in Periodic Table | group 13 | group 13 |
| Group Name | boron family | boron family |
| Period in Periodic Table | period 3 | period 2 |
| Block in Periodic Table | p -block | p -block |
| Electronic Configuration | [Ne] 3s2 3p1 | [He] 2s2 2p1 |
| Electronic Shell Structure (Electrons per shell) | 2, 8, 3 | 2, 3 |
| Melting Point | 933.47 K | 2348 K |
| Boiling Point | 2792 K | 4273 K |
| CAS Number | CAS7429-90-5 | CAS7440-42-8 |
| Neighborhood Elements | Neighborhood Elements of Aluminium | Neighborhood Elements of Boron |
History
| Parameter | Aluminium | Boron |
|---|---|---|
| History | The element Aluminium was discovered by H.C.Ørsted in year 1825 in Denmark. Aluminium derived its name from alumina, a compound (originally aluminum). | The element Boron was discovered by L. Gay-Lussac and L.J. Thénard in year 1808 in France and United Kingdom. Boron derived its name from borax, a mineral. |
| Discovery | H.C.Ørsted (1825) | L. Gay-Lussac and L.J. Thénard (1808) |
| Isolated | H.C.Ørsted (1825) | H. Davy (1808) |
Presence: Abundance in Nature and Around Us
Parts per billion (ppb) by weight / by atoms (1ppb =10^-7 %)
| Property | Aluminium | Boron |
|---|---|---|
| Abundance in Universe | 50000 / 2000 | 1 / 0.1 |
| Abundance in Sun | 60000 / 3000 | 2 / 0.2 |
| Abundance in Meteorites | 9300000 / 6700000 | 1600 / 3000 |
| Abundance in Earth's Crust | 82000000 / 63000000 | 8700 / 17000 |
| Abundance in Oceans | 5 / 1.1 | 4440 / 2500 |
| Abundance in Humans | 900 / 210 | 700 / 410 |
Crystal Structure and Atomic Structure
| Property | Aluminium | Boron |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Volume | 9.99 cm3/mol | 4.3947 cm3/mol |
| Atomic Radius | 118 pm | 87 pm |
| Covalent Radius | 118 pm | 82 pm |
| Van der Waals Radius | 184 pm | 192 pm |
Atomic Spectrum - Spectral Lines | ||
| Emission Spectrum |  | Not available |
| Absorption Spectrum |  |  |
| Lattice Constant | 404.95, 404.95, 404.95 pm | 506, 506, 506 pm |
| Lattice Angle | π/2, π/2, π/2 | 1.01334, 1.01334, 1.01334 |
| Space Group Name | Fm_ 3m | R_ 3m |
| Space Group Number | 225 | 166 |
| Crystal Structure | Face Centered Cubic  | Simple Trigonal  |
Atomic and Orbital Properties
| Property | Aluminium | Boron |
|---|---|---|
| Atomic Number | 13 | 5 |
| Number of Electrons (with no charge) | 13 | 5 |
| Number of Protons | 13 | 5 |
| Mass Number | 26.981538 | 10.811 |
| Number of Neutrons | 14 | 6 |
| Shell structure (Electrons per energy level) | 2, 8, 3 | 2, 3 |
| Electron Configuration | [Ne] 3s2 3p1 | [He] 2s2 2p1 |
| Valence Electrons | 3s2 3p1 | 2s2 2p1 |
| Oxidation State | 3 | 3 |
| Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers) | 2P1/2 | 2P1/2 |
| Shell structure |  |  |
Isotopes and Nuclear Properties
Aluminium has 1 stable naturally occuring isotopes while Boron has 2 stable naturally occuring isotopes.
| Parameter | Aluminium | Boron |
|---|---|---|
| Known Isotopes | 21Al, 22Al, 23Al, 24Al, 25Al, 26Al, 27Al, 28Al, 29Al, 30Al, 31Al, 32Al, 33Al, 34Al, 35Al, 36Al, 37Al, 38Al, 39Al, 40Al, 41Al, 42Al | 6B, 7B, 8B, 9B, 10B, 11B, 12B, 13B, 14B, 15B, 16B, 17B, 18B, 19B |
| Stable Isotopes | Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 27Al | Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 10B, 11B |
| Neutron Cross Section | 0.233 | 755 |
| Neutron Mass Absorption | 0.03 | 2.4 |
Chemical Properties: Ionization Energies and electron affinity
| Property | Aluminium | Boron |
|---|---|---|
| Valence or Valency | 3 | 3 |
| Electronegativity | 1.61 Pauling Scale | 2.04 Pauling Scale |
| Electron Affinity | 42.5 kJ/mol | 26.7 kJ/mol |
| Ionization Energies | 1st: 577.5 kJ/mol 2nd: 1816.7 kJ/mol 3rd: 2744.8 kJ/mol 4th: 11577 kJ/mol 5th: 14842 kJ/mol 6th: 18379 kJ/mol 7th: 23326 kJ/mol 8th: 27465 kJ/mol 9th: 31853 kJ/mol 10th: 38473 kJ/mol 11th: 42647 kJ/mol 12th: 201266 kJ/mol 13th: 222316 kJ/mol | 1st: 800.6 kJ/mol 2nd: 2427.1 kJ/mol 3rd: 3659.7 kJ/mol 4th: 25025.8 kJ/mol 5th: 32826.7 kJ/mol |
Physical Properties
| Property | Aluminium | Boron |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 2.7 g/cm3 | 2.46 g/cm3 |
| Molar Volume | 9.99 cm3/mol | 4.3947 cm3/mol |
Elastic Properties | ||
| Young Modulus | 70 | - |
| Shear Modulus | 26 GPa | - |
| Bulk Modulus | 76 GPa | 320 GPa |
| Poisson Ratio | 0.35 | - |
Hardness - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element | ||
| Mohs Hardness | 2.75 MPa | 9.3 MPa |
| Vickers Hardness | 167 MPa | 49000 MPa |
| Brinell Hardness | 245 MPa | - |
Electrical Properties | ||
| Electrical Conductivity | 38000000 S/m | 0.0001 S/m |
| Resistivity | 2.6e-8 m Ω | 10000 m Ω |
| Superconducting Point | 1.175 | - |
Heat and Conduction Properties | ||
| Thermal Conductivity | 235 W/(m K) | 27 W/(m K) |
| Thermal Expansion | 0.0000231 /K | 0.000006 /K |
Magnetic Properties | ||
| Magnetic Type | Paramagnetic | Diamagnetic |
| Curie Point | - | - |
| Mass Magnetic Susceptibility | 7.8e-9 m3/kg | -8.7e-9 m3/kg |
| Molar Magnetic Susceptibility | 2.1e-10 m3/mol | -9.41e-11 m3/mol |
| Volume Magnetic Susceptibility | 0.0000211 | -0.0000214 |
Optical Properties | ||
| Refractive Index | - | - |
Acoustic Properties | ||
| Speed of Sound | 5100 m/s | 16200 m/s |
Thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics
| Property | Aluminium | Boron |
|---|---|---|
| Melting Point | 933.47 K | 2348 K |
| Boiling Point | 2792 K | 4273 K |
| Critical Temperature | - | - |
| Superconducting Point | 1.175 | - |
Enthalpies | ||
| Heat of Fusion | 10.7 kJ/mol | 50 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Vaporization | 293 kJ/mol | 507 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Combustion | - | - |
Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines
| Parameter | Aluminium | Boron |
|---|---|---|
| CAS Number | CAS7429-90-5 | CAS7440-42-8 |
| RTECS Number | RTECSBD0330000 | RTECSED7350000 |
| DOT Hazard Class | 4.3 | - |
| DOT Numbers | 1396 | - |
| EU Number | - | - |
| NFPA Fire Rating | 1 | 3 |
| NFPA Health Rating | 0 | 2 |
| NFPA Reactivity Rating | 1 | 0 |
| NFPA Hazards | - | - |
| AutoIgnition Point | 400 °C | - |
| Flashpoint | 645 °C | - |
Compare With Other Elements
Compare Aluminium and Boron with other elements of the periodic table.
Compare Aluminium with all Group 13 elementsCompare Aluminium with BoronCompare Aluminium with GalliumCompare Aluminium with IndiumCompare Aluminium with ThalliumCompare Aluminium with Nihonium Compare Aluminium with all Period 3 elementsCompare Aluminium with SodiumCompare Aluminium with MagnesiumCompare Aluminium with SiliconCompare Aluminium with PhosphorusCompare Aluminium with SulfurCompare Aluminium with ChlorineCompare Aluminium with Argon Compare Aluminium with all Post Transition Metal elements | Compare Boron with all Group 13 elementsBoron vs Aluminium ComparisonBoron vs Gallium ComparisonBoron vs Indium ComparisonBoron vs Thallium ComparisonBoron vs Nihonium Comparison Compare Boron with all Period 2 elementsBoron vs Lithium ComparisonBoron vs Beryllium ComparisonBoron vs Carbon ComparisonBoron vs Nitrogen ComparisonBoron vs Oxygen ComparisonBoron vs Fluorine ComparisonBoron vs Neon Comparison Compare Boron with all Metalloid elements |