Periodic Table Element Comparison: Compare Elements - Europium vs Rutherfordium
Compare Europium and Rutherfordium on the basis of their properties, attributes and periodic table facts. Compare elements on more than 90 properties. All the elements of similar categories show a lot of similarities and differences in their chemical, atomic, physical properties and uses. These similarities and dissimilarities should be known while we study periodic table elements. You can study the detailed comparison between Europium vs Rutherfordium with most reliable information about their properties, attributes, facts, uses etc. You can compare Eu vs Rf on more than 90 properties like electronegativity , oxidation state, atomic shells, orbital structure, Electronaffinity, physical states, electrical conductivity and many more. Europium and Rutherfordium comparison table on more than 90 properties.
Europium and Rutherfordium Comparison
Facts
Name | Europium | Rutherfordium |
---|---|---|
Atomic Number | 63 | 104 |
Atomic Symbol | Eu | Rf |
Atomic Weight | 151.964 | 261 |
Phase at STP | Solid | Solid |
Color | Silver | - |
Metallic Classification | Lanthanide | Transition Metal |
Group in Periodic Table | group - | group 4 |
Group Name | titanium family | |
Period in Periodic Table | period 6 | period 7 |
Block in Periodic Table | f -block | d -block |
Electronic Configuration | [Xe] 4f7 6s2 | [Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2 |
Electronic Shell Structure (Electrons per shell) | 2, 8, 18, 25, 8, 2 | 2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 10, 2 |
Melting Point | 1095 K | - |
Boiling Point | 1800 K | - |
CAS Number | CAS7440-53-1 | CAS53850-36-5 |
Neighborhood Elements | Neighborhood Elements of Europium | Neighborhood Elements of Rutherfordium |
History
Parameter | Europium | Rutherfordium |
---|---|---|
History | The element Europium was discovered by E.-A. Demarçay in year 1896 in France. Europium derived its name from Europe. | The element Rutherfordium was discovered by A. Ghiorso,M. Nurmia,J. Harris,K. Eskola and P. Eskola in year 1969 in Russia and United States. Rutherfordium derived its name from Ernest Rutherford, chemist and physicist. |
Discovery | E.-A. Demarçay (1896) | A. Ghiorso,M. Nurmia,J. Harris,K. Eskola and P. Eskola (1969) |
Isolated | E.-A. Demarçay (1901) | () |
Presence: Abundance in Nature and Around Us
Parts per billion (ppb) by weight / by atoms (1ppb =10^-7 %)
Property | Europium | Rutherfordium |
---|---|---|
Abundance in Universe | 0.5 / 0.004 | - / - |
Abundance in Sun | 0.5 / 0.004 | - / - |
Abundance in Meteorites | 60 / 8 | - / - |
Abundance in Earth's Crust | 1800 / 240 | - / - |
Abundance in Oceans | 0.00013 / 0.000005 | - / - |
Abundance in Humans | - / - | - / - |
Crystal Structure and Atomic Structure
Property | Europium | Rutherfordium |
---|---|---|
Atomic Volume | 28.979 cm3/mol | - |
Atomic Radius | 231 pm | - |
Covalent Radius | - | - |
Van der Waals Radius | - | - |
Atomic Spectrum - Spectral Lines | ||
Emission Spectrum | ![]() | Not available |
Absorption Spectrum | ![]() | Not available |
Lattice Constant | 458.1, 458.1, 458.1 pm | - |
Lattice Angle | π/2, π/2, π/2 | - |
Space Group Name | Im_ 3m | - |
Space Group Number | 229 | - |
Crystal Structure | Body Centered Cubic ![]() | Simple Hexagonal ![]() |
Atomic and Orbital Properties
Property | Europium | Rutherfordium |
---|---|---|
Atomic Number | 63 | 104 |
Number of Electrons (with no charge) | 63 | 104 |
Number of Protons | 63 | 104 |
Mass Number | 151.964 | 261 |
Number of Neutrons | 89 | 157 |
Shell structure (Electrons per energy level) | 2, 8, 18, 25, 8, 2 | 2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 10, 2 |
Electron Configuration | [Xe] 4f7 6s2 | [Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2 |
Valence Electrons | 4f7 6s2 | 6d2 7s2 |
Oxidation State | 2, 3 | 4 |
Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers) | 8S7/2 | 3F2 |
Shell structure | ![]() | ![]() |
Isotopes and Nuclear Properties
Europium has 2 stable naturally occuring isotopes while Rutherfordium has 0 stable naturally occuring isotopes.
Parameter | Europium | Rutherfordium |
---|---|---|
Known Isotopes | 130Eu, 131Eu, 132Eu, 133Eu, 134Eu, 135Eu, 136Eu, 137Eu, 138Eu, 139Eu, 140Eu, 141Eu, 142Eu, 143Eu, 144Eu, 145Eu, 146Eu, 147Eu, 148Eu, 149Eu, 150Eu, 151Eu, 152Eu, 153Eu, 154Eu, 155Eu, 156Eu, 157Eu, 158Eu, 159Eu, 160Eu, 161Eu, 162Eu, 163Eu, 164Eu, 165Eu, 166Eu, 167Eu | 253Rf, 254Rf, 255Rf, 256Rf, 257Rf, 258Rf, 259Rf, 260Rf, 261Rf, 262Rf, 263Rf, 264Rf, 265Rf, 266Rf, 267Rf, 268Rf |
Stable Isotopes | Naturally occurring stable isotopes: 151Eu, 153Eu | |
Neutron Cross Section | 4450 | - |
Neutron Mass Absorption | 0.6 | - |
Chemical Properties: Ionization Energies and electron affinity
Property | Europium | Rutherfordium |
---|---|---|
Valence or Valency | 3 | 4 |
Electronegativity | 1.2 Pauling Scale | - |
Electron Affinity | 50 kJ/mol | - |
Ionization Energies | 1st: 547.1 kJ/mol 2nd: 1085 kJ/mol 3rd: 2404 kJ/mol 4th: 4120 kJ/mol | 1st: 580 kJ/mol |
Physical Properties
Property | Europium | Rutherfordium |
---|---|---|
Density | 5.244 g/cm3 | - |
Molar Volume | 28.979 cm3/mol | - |
Elastic Properties | ||
Young Modulus | 18 | - |
Shear Modulus | 7.9 GPa | - |
Bulk Modulus | 8.3 GPa | - |
Poisson Ratio | 0.15 | - |
Hardness - Tests to Measure of Hardness of Element | ||
Mohs Hardness | - | - |
Vickers Hardness | 167 MPa | - |
Brinell Hardness | - | - |
Electrical Properties | ||
Electrical Conductivity | 1100000 S/m | - |
Resistivity | 9e-7 m Ω | - |
Superconducting Point | - | - |
Heat and Conduction Properties | ||
Thermal Conductivity | 14 W/(m K) | - |
Thermal Expansion | 0.000035 /K | - |
Magnetic Properties | ||
Magnetic Type | Paramagnetic | - |
Curie Point | - | - |
Mass Magnetic Susceptibility | 2.76e-7 m3/kg | - |
Molar Magnetic Susceptibility | 4.1942e-8 m3/mol | - |
Volume Magnetic Susceptibility | 0.0014473 | - |
Optical Properties | ||
Refractive Index | - | - |
Acoustic Properties | ||
Speed of Sound | - | - |
Thermal Properties - Enthalpies and thermodynamics
Property | Europium | Rutherfordium |
---|---|---|
Melting Point | 1095 K | - |
Boiling Point | 1800 K | - |
Critical Temperature | - | - |
Superconducting Point | - | - |
Enthalpies | ||
Heat of Fusion | 9.2 kJ/mol | - |
Heat of Vaporization | 175 kJ/mol | - |
Heat of Combustion | - | - |
Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines
Parameter | Europium | Rutherfordium |
---|---|---|
CAS Number | CAS7440-53-1 | CAS53850-36-5 |
RTECS Number | - | - |
DOT Hazard Class | - | - |
DOT Numbers | - | - |
EU Number | - | - |
NFPA Fire Rating | - | - |
NFPA Health Rating | - | - |
NFPA Reactivity Rating | - | - |
NFPA Hazards | - | - |
AutoIgnition Point | - | - |
Flashpoint | - | - |
Compare With Other Elements
Compare Europium and Rutherfordium with other elements of the periodic table.